Governor means



A. OHINRICH `GOVIEIRNOJR MEAN S June 21., .1938.

Filed April 1l, 1935 '5 Sheets-,Sheet l OHNRICH GOVERNOR MEANS June 21, 193s. 2,121,508

3 Sheets-Sheet 2 'Filed April 11, 1935 June 21, 193s. A, OHNRlCH 2,121,508

GOVERNOR MEANS Filed April 1l, 1935 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented June 21, 1938 Unirse srarrs GOVERNOR MEANS Alfons Ohnrich, Horni Litvinov, Czechoslovakia Application April 11,

1935, Serial No. 15,886

In Czechoslovakia April 13, 1934 Claim.

automatically controlling the speed of an engine or motor, more particularly an engine or motor the load of which varies considerably.

The object of the invention is to control the speed of the motor by regulating the supply of driving medium, for instance air or electric current in accordance with the existing load of the conveyer gutter, and it may be pointed out that such conveyer gutters carry a load or charge which varies very considerably and quickly from a minimum to a maximum value, the gutter being very irregularly charged. The gutter may be charged upon its who-le length or upon a portion or portions of the length only, and the charging in the charged portion may differ very con siderably. It will be understood that when the load upon the motor is low, the speed of the motor tends to increase excessively, whereby the conveyer gutter may be sub-jected to excessive wear and moreover excessive and unpleasant noise may be created.

The object of the present invention is to provide an automatic control for the motor in which a moving member of the motor is operatively connected with the piston oi an auxiliary cylinder. In the auxiliary cylinder pressure is produced and the pressure medium produced in the auxiliary cylinder is passed into a receiving vessel provided with an adjustable outlet, and from the latter into a further auxiliary apparatus which in turn operates a valve or like means controlling the supply of the driving medium of the motor. It will be understood that the medium to be compressed in the auxiliary cylinder may be either air or other fluid, or itmay be a liquid, and it will also be understood that the driving medium of the motor may be a compressed iiuid, for instance air, or may be an electric current, the motor to be controlled being, for instance, an air driven motor or an electromotor.

The accompanying drawings show by Way of example a construction suitable for use in connection with plant for driving a conveyer gutter by means of an air motor.

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic plan of the complete plant,

Fig. 2 a cross section on line II-II of Fig. 1 drawn to a larger scale, illustrating a throttle valve in the supply conduit of the air motor and means for operating same.

Fig. 3 is a cross section on line III-III of Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation on line IV-IV of Fig. 2 showing a cylinder and piston for operating the throttle valve.' i

Fig. 5 illustrates a modified arrangement of this invention.

Fig. 6 is a vertical sectional View along the line f* 6--6 of Fig. 5 showing another arrangement of the new construction for use of a liquid as auxiliary medium and showing the chief constructional part of the whole device shown itself schematically in a top view in Fig. 5.

Referring to the drawings, more particularly Fig. 1, 2 indicates an air motor, the piston rod I of which is operatively connected in any suitable manner with a reciprocatory conveyer gutter, not shown in the drawings. The conveyer gutter may be assumed to be connected to a forked member 3 carried by the piston rod I. At the opposite end of the air motor is arranged an. auxiliary Working cylinder 4 within which works as a plunger an extended portion 5 of the piston rod 220 of the air motor 2. The cylinder d is provided l with a suction valve 6 and with a delivery valve 1, the latter being connected by an air conduit 8 with a pressure balancing air vessel 9. The air vessel 9 is provided with an adjustable throttle valve Il) communicating with the atmosphere and with a delivery conduit II through which air or other pressure medium passes under pressure into a cylinder I2 (see Fig. 4) the piston i3 of which operates, by means of a piston rod Ill and transmission members I5 and I5 (see Fig. 1) a shaft I'I (see Fig. 2) carrying a valve i3, which latter is mounted in a casing I9 interposed in the main driving medium supply line 2t, which, in the example illustrated, supplies compressed air to the air motor 2.

The transmission member I5 consists, in the example shown, in a lever mounted upon the shaft II and a helical spring 2i (Fig. 2) is provided which tends to move the shaft in the opposite direction, that is, in opposition to the piston I3. The tension of the spring 2l is made adjustable, one end 2l of the spring being for this purpose iixed in one oi a series of holes 22 of, l a disc 23, said disc being togetherwith the lever "45 I6 lxedly secured to the shaft I l. The shaft Il is mounted in anti-friction bearings 2t in order to increase the sensibility of the control device. The operation is as follows:

When the conveyer gutter is fully or normally charged, the piston of the air motor 2 performs a certain number of strokes per minute-and the plunger 5 delivers in the same unit of time from the auxiliary air cylinder 4 into the air vessel 9h a certain quantity of air under a certain pres-l sure. This pressure is continuously reduced by escape of air from the air vessel 9 through the partly opened and suitably adjusted throttle valve I and also by the passage of the air through the conduit II to the cylinder I2. In the cylinder I2 the pressure of the compressed medium maintains the piston I3 in a certain intermediate position against the force of the spring 2|, so that at normal load of the conveyer gutter, the control valve I9 of the main supply conduit 20 assumes a certain normal position, for instance, is completely open. If now, at any time, the conveyer gutter should be partly or entirely discharged, for instance owing to the fact that there is no material along the entire length of the gutter for charging the gutter, then the air motor 2 commences to run with a higher speed and consequently owing to the increased number of strokes of the air motor, a greater amount of compressed air will be forced from the cylinder 4 into the air vessel 9 so that an increased pressure will occur in the cylinder I2 and the piston I3 will be moved into a lower or the lowest position shown in Fig. 4, whereby the throttle valve I9 in the main supply 2U will be closed, whilst the increased air pressure is maintained in the air vessel 9. The throttle valve I0 allows a certain amount of air to escape from the air vessel per unit of time depending on the pressure in the chamber 9. By manually operating the throttle valve I0 a throttle or closing of the main supply by means of the valve I0 may also be effected.

It will be seen that the invention provides a very simple means for reliably controlling the speed of one or more conveyer gutters at any time of the working operation in dependence on the load carried by the gutter, whereby undue wear of the gutter is avoided and a considerable economy of driving force is attained. Moreover, the very unpleasant noise caused by accelerated running of empty or half empty gutters is entirely avoided.

It will be understood that instead of an air motor a hydraulic motor might be used, the control arrangement remainng practically the same. If a liquid control medium is used instead of air, small modifications regarding the return and the drawing in of a portion of the liquid escaping from the vessel 9 must be provided and in that case the liquid may also contain air.

Figs. 5 and 5 show another construction in which the auxiliary pressure medium is a liquid such as oil. In this case in a casing 39 a doublecylinder hydraulic pump is arranged which replaces the auxiliary working air cylinder 4 or 4 respectively with the piston rod 5 of the working piston of the primary mover 2, as well as the air pressure vessel 9 according to the first eX- ample of execution as described in connection with Figs. 1 to 4. Two reciprocating pistons 33 and 34 respectively are arranged in two vertical cylinders 3l and 32 of said hydraulic pump; each of said pistons contains a return valve 35 and 36 respectively opening upwards only and pressed down to its seating by a spring 31 or 38. At the bottom of each of both said cylinders a corresponding return valve 39 or 40 is provided which opens into the interior of the corresponding cylinder 3| or 32 and allows the liquid to enter from the common space 4I communicating freely with the large interior space 42 of the casing 39 filled with a liquid such as oil up to the level marked a.

Above the cylinders 3I and 32 a bell-shaped hollow body 43 is arranged which forms a pressure chamber 44 tightly closed from the surrounding space 42 of the casing 30. Said chamber 44 may be wholly filled up with liquid, for inst. to the level marked by b. The air accumulated here may be let out from time to time by the screw plug 45.

Transversely to the pressure chamber 44 the shaft 4G in tight bearings is arranged, the said shaft 49 being provided on its exterior free end with a lever 41 connected directly or by means of a transmission with a moving part of the driving motor 2 (Fig. 5) or with a moving part of the conveyer gutter itself, the latter not being shown on the drawings. In the interior of the chamber 44 on this shaft 46 a double armed lever 48 is keyed and linked on both ends to two piston rods 49 and 59 of the above mentioned pistons 33 and 34. Both said pistons may have unequal diameters as represented on the drawings (Fig. 6) said unequal diameters corresponding to different speeds of the conveyer gutter or its motor during both strokes, the downward stroke or movement of the gutter being slow and the upward one being quick for promoting the sliding action of the material loaded thereon.

The pressure chamber 44 is provided according to the new invention with a throttle valve |09 acting in the same manner as the throttle valve IE) according to the former embodiment of the present invention and serving also here for a constant releasing of a certain quantity of the auxiliary pressure liquid into the free space 42 of the casing 30. The pressure chamber 44 is further in connection with the regulating device proper I9 of the main valve on the supply con-- duit 20 by means of a pipe III as described formerly.

The device as described functions as follows:

During a normal load on the conveyer gutter the driving lever 4'I moves at a given rate and imparts a reciprocating motion to the double armed lever 48, a given quantity of the liquid being pressed by the pump into the pressure chamber 44. A given quantity of the liquid escapes constantly by the throttle valve Ill] back into the free space 42 of the casing 39 and is sucked anew by the pistons and forced into the pressure chamber 44. They rest of the liquid forced into the pressure chamber 44 is conveyed by the pipe III to the controlling device I9 which throttles or releases the main valve on the supply conduit 29 of the driving motor 2.

If during a given period of the function of the system the gutter is not charged suiciently with coal or other material so that the driving motor may overspeed, the increased action of the pump in the casing 30 immediately causes an increased output of the pump which forces a larger amount of liquid into the pressure chamber 44 from which a constant quantity of liquid escapes also in this case by the throttle valve IDE), but an increased quantity of liquid is conveyed into the pipe I I I, so that the regulation device I9 closes the main valve to a greater extent on the supply conduit 29.

If the conveyer gutter is overloaded the drivmotor 2 runs slowly and, too, the pump in the casing 30 has a small output so that a smaller amount of the liquid is forced into the pipe III accompanied by the constant escaping of the.

liquid through the throttle valve lili); the regulation device I9 opens then the main valve to a greater extent on the supply conduit 2Q.

The regulation device I9 otherwise opens the vmain valve constantly on the conduit 2D.

What I claim is:

A governor to control the speed of a fluid motor said motor having fluid supply means, a pump having two cylinders of unequal diameters, a pair of pistons for said cylinders, said cylinders opening into a pressure chamber at one of their ends, and valves at the other ends communicating with the reservoir, means for connecting said pistons to the fluid motor, a throttle valve for connecting said reservoir to said pressure chamber, and means for connecting said pressure chamber to the fluid supply means of the fluid motor to control the magnitude of the output of said uid motor in accordance with the adjustment of said throttle valve and in accordance with the operation of said pistons.

ALF'ONS OHNRICH. 

